The distinguished church historian Alec Vidler believed that science and religion were compatible, and that Christians needed to embrace a scientific type of doubting. The highest intellectual standards should apply to religion as to science. Many Christians failed to comprehend the necessity to doubt. All belief was founded upon preliminary doubt. As Vidler said: “If in this or any other time there is to be a renewal of Christian belief, of faith in a living God, it will be in part the outcome of searching and rigorous doubting” [Vidler, Christian Belief, 1954, p 15].